The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5). On 24 February the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD) reported that nighttime crater incandescence from Ambrym’s Benbow Crater was no longer visible, though steam emissions persisted. VMGD warned the public to stay outside of Permanent Danger Zone A, defined as a 1-km radius around Benbow Crater and a 2-km radius around Marum Crater, and additionally to stay 500 m away from the ground cracks created by the December 2018 eruption.Ģ3 February-1 March 2022 Cite this Report On 31 March the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD) reported that nighttime crater incandescence from Ambrym’s Benbow Crater was no longer visible, though steam emissions persisted. Source: Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD) VMGD warned the public to stay outside of Permanent Danger Zone A, defined as a 1-km radius around Benbow Crater and a 2-km radius around Marum Crater, and additionally to stay 500 m away from the ground cracks created by the December 2018 eruption. The Alert Level was lowered to 1 (on a scale of 0-5) on 28 April. Recent observations indicated that gas and ash was no longer being emitted from the crater, and seismicity had decreased and stabilized. The Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD) reported that incandescence from Ambrym’s Benbow Crater was visible during 25 January-3 February from a lava flow that had effused from a new vent on the NW part of the crater floor. Information Contacts: Geo-Hazards Division, Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-Hazards Department (VMGD), Ministry of Climate Change Adaptation, Meteorology, Geo-Hazards, Energy, Environment and Disaster Management, Private Mail Bag 9054, Lini Highway, Port Vila, Vanuatu (URL:, ) NASA Global Sulfur Dioxide Monitoring Page, Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA/GSFC), 8800 Greenbelt Road, Goddard, MD 20771, USA (URL: ). As a result, the VAL was lowered to Level 1 on 28 April. According to VMGD, no gas-and-steam emissions were visible from Benbow during early February through April and seismicity had decreased. On 2 February sulfur dioxide emissions were still detected in satellite images and drifted E. Courtesy of VMGD.īy early February, crater incandescence was no longer visible. Activity was visible through the early morning of 26 January, accompanied by gas-and-steam emissions. Webcam image showing visible nighttime incandescence coming from the Benbow crater at Ambrym at 2000 on 25 January 2022. Incandescence persisted through 27 January, according to VMGD (figure 54).įigure 54. At night on 25 January, crater incandescence from Benbow was visible in webcam images, which represented a lava flow that had effused from a new vent on the NW part of the crater floor. A sulfur dioxide plume that exceeded 2 DUs (Dobson Units) was detected on 25 January and drifted SE, following the ash plume, based on data from the Sentinel-5 instrument (figure 53). Significant gas-and-steam emissions were observed rising from Marum, and gas-and-ash emissions rose from Benbow at 0515 (figure 52). On 25 January 2022 the Volcanic Alert Level (VAL) was raised from Level 1 to 2 (on a scale of 0-5) due to increased activity beginning around 0400. Information comes from the Vanuatu Meteorology and Geohazards Department (VMGD) and satellite data.Īctivity during April 2020 through December 2021 was relatively low and consisted mainly of gas-and-steam emissions from both Benbow and Marum craters. This report updates information from April 2020 through March 2022 and describes a short eruption period during 25 January to the beginning of February 2022. After those events no eruptive activity was reported until January 2022, which consisted of ash plumes and crater incandescence. The previous eruption period, which began in May 2008, ended in December 2018 with lava fountains, lava flows, a submarine fissure eruption, and drainage of the lava lake (BGVN 45:03). The two currently active craters within the caldera are Benbow and Marum, which have produced lava lakes, explosions, lava flows, ash, and gas emissions. New ash eruption with crater incandescence in late January 2022Īmbrym contains a 12-km-wide caldera and is part of the New Hebrides Arc, located in the Vanuatu archipelago.
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